Aeroplane



Dec. 29, 1931. J. z. FRIEDMAN AEROPLANE Filed 001:. 50, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet u N ew Mma w Y. w MG W #6. J 1 0d Dec. 29, 1931. J. 1. FRIEDMAN AEROPLANE F'iled Oct. 30. 1950 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 AN NH gnmwitozl Patented Dec. 29, 1931" PA ENT OFFICE JOSEPH I. FRIEDMAN, OF GORONAQNEW YQB/K AnnortANE Application filed October so, 1930, Serial n 492,225.

Another object of my invention is to pro vide a perfected aeroplane consisting of multiple parts, which may readily be assembled into a complete unit. i A further object of my invention is to provide means whereby the velocity-of an aer'o-.

planemay be gradually retarded, as before descendingor to avoid collision.

A still further object of-my invention is to provide overhead supporting means for the plane of an aeroplane, whereby the Weight of the latter' may be reduced or the strength thereof increased or'bothf P Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.

V I attain these objects by the'improved aeroplane, one form of which isillustrated in the accompanying drawings or by any mechanical equivalent or obvious 1 modification of the same.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a top plan View of my improved aeroplane {Fig 2 is a side view of-thesame, and Fig.3 is a front view of the aeroplane shown in Figs. 1'and'2,

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views; 1 11 designatesthe lower wing surface member or lining of the plane, which may consist of a number of longitudinal strips or sheets, secured to a number of reinforcing frames 12 and 13, which are shown more'clearly in Fig. 1,- and consist of central frames12and lateral frames 13. V I a T The central frames 12 are substantially rectangular in outline and form closed fig- .ures; to these are, secured the ends of the lateral frames 13, which have each onlythree sides; to wit; outer end members 13a and side members; the ends13b ofthelatter are shown thereto by means of pins 19 and 20 at the in Fig.1 as'placed to extend inwardly with relation tothe plane and aresecured by means of bolts 14 and nuts 15 to said central frames 12 as shown in Fig. 1. A central longitudinal strip 11a isshown 1n Fig. 1 as positioned under said central frames 12 and forms part of the lining 11.

The lining 11 has secured thereto at the underside thereof brackets 16, which have pivotally connected thereto by means of pins 17 the upper ends ofsuspending members 18, to swing transversely with relation to said plane 11--12 and to the direction of flight.

Said members 18 have pivotally connected 5 lower ends thereof pairs of upper transverse bars '21 and lower transverse bars22, which have secured thereto upper and lower plates 23 and 24 of the fuselage 25.

Intermediate posts 26 are also pivotally connected by means of pins19aand 20a to pairs of upper transverse bars 22a to co-operate with said bars 21 and 22 in reinforcing said plates 23and24; which may be secured to said bars in any suitable manner.

Side plates 27 are secured to said members 18 at their lower ends and to said posts 26, to form the sides of said fuselage 25. r 7

Pairs of columns 28 are shown inrFig. 2 as secured at their lower ends to said side plates 27 by means of straps 29 and screws 30. Said columns 28 extend upwardly through the plane or" lining 11 and terminate in masts 28a; the openings in said plane for said'masts are loose enough to permit the os- 35 cillation of said masts therein. V To the upper ends of said masts 28a are secured the upperends supporting lines or Wires 31; the latter are secured at their lower ends to points on the lateral edges of said plane ll-13a as shown in Figs. 1 and 3;

additional supporting wires or lines 31a are also secured at their upper ends to the upper ends of said masts 28a and at their lower ends'to points on the front and rear edges of said plane 1113.

Said wires 31 have embodied therein or connected thereto springs 32 to allow relative oscillation between said plane and said masts ice 28a in planes transversely to the direction of flying.

An auxiliary plane 3334 is also secured to the upper ends of said masts 28a and consists of a lining 33 and a frame 34 positioned thereover and secured thereto.

The sides of the plane 11-13a are also connected to the fuselage 25 at said members 18 by means of sustaining lines or wires 35, which embody therein or have connected thereto springs 36 to permit relative oscillation between said plane and said member 18 in planes transversely to the direction of flying.

The fuselage 25 has also therein diagonal wires 37, whichembody therein or have connected thereto springs 38 to permit the relative oscillation of said members 18 and posts 26 with said transverse bars 21, 22 and 21a, 22a.

An engine 39 is secured to the forwardly extending circular flange 40 of a shield 41 which has thereon rearwardly of the central part thereof a hood 4-2, which is secured by means of a screw d3 to one of a number of bearings and thrustblocks 4A, which support the engine shaft 45, which has secured thereto the propeller 46.

Front wheels 47 are pivotally connected by means of a spindle 48 to a bracket 49, which is secured to the bottom plate 24L of the fuselage, and to hangers 50, which are secured to extensions 51 which are provided on a pair of said bars 22.

Castor like in operation wheels 52 are pivotally connected each to a curved fork 53, which terminates at the upper end thereof in a vertically disposed pin 54, which is swivelled in a bearing 55, which is secured to an extension 51 of another pair of said bars 22 near the rear of the fuselage, as shown in F 2.

The castors 52-54 facilitate the running of the fuselage in a curved path on the ground.

A pair of horizontally acting rudders 56 is shown as pivotally connected by means of vertically disposed pins 57 and brackets 58 and 59 to the side plates 27 of the fuselage.

A handle 60 is secured to each rudder and terminates in a pin 61, to which may be secured a line for steering said rudders.

An upper aileron 62 is pivotally connected 4 by means of a pin 63 to a bracket 64, which is secured to the top plate 23 of the fuselage 25. A handle 65 is secured to said aileron 62 and terminates in a pin 66 to which is secured a line 67 for steering said aileron 62.

Another aileron 68 is pivotally connected by means of a pin 69 to a bracket 70, which is secured to the bottom plate21 of the fuselage 25.

A handle 71 is secured to said aileron 68 and terminates in a pin 72,'to which is secured a line 73, whereby said aileron 68 may be steered.

Suitable springs or weights may be used in conjunction with said steering lines, if desired.

By means of said rudders and ailerons said fuselage 25 may be steered to right or left and raised or lowered at will.

Said pairs of rudders and ailerons 01' either of them may also be employed for retarding the motion of said fuselage when desired or necessary, as when preparing to descend or to avoid a collision.

The springs 32 and 36 in said lines or Wires 31 and 35 with said pins 17, 19, 19a, 20 and 20(rwill permit the lateral ends of the plane to be raised with relation to the fuselage, thereby but slightly distorting the latter; in this way and by these means the fuse lage may remain relatively unaffected by the transverse oscillation of the plane or by the lateral tipping of the same, as when turning corners or under the influence of sudden storms.

Excessive distortion of the fuselage is prevented by the diagonal lines or wires 37 and the springs 38, also by the periphery of the shield 41, which is disposed to intercept the plates 23, 24 and 27 thereby limiting the distortion of the fuselage.

The masts 28a and lines 31 serve to support the plane when the latter is on the ground; and the members 18 and lines 35 support the fuselage from the plane when the latter is in the air.

Many changes may be made in the details of my improved aeroplane without departing from the main scope of my invention and parts of my invention may be used without other parts.

I do not, therefore, restrict myself to the details as shown in the drawin but I intend to include also all mechanical equivalents and obvious modifications of the same within the scope of my invention.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In an aeroplane a plane, a fuselage, means for suspending said fuselage from said plane, said means including pairs of rigid members pivotally connected at their upper ends to said plane and at their lower ends to said fuselage, whereby the wings of the plane may oscillate transversely with relation to said fuselage without appreciably affecting the stability of the fuselage.

2. In an aeroplane a plane, a fuselage connested thereto, an upper aileron disposed above the. fuselage, and a lower aileron disposed below the fuselage, for more effectively raising and lowering said fuselage and whereby the motion of the latter through the air may also be retarded, if desired.

3. In an aeoroplane a plane, comprising a sectional longitudinally extending lower Wing surface member and substantially rectangular tubular central and lateral reinforcing frames on said member, bolted to each other and secured to said member.

4;. In an aeroplane a plane, comprising a sectional longitudinally extending lower wing surface member and substantially rectangular central and lateral reinforcing1 means on said member, detachably connecte to each other and secured to each other.

5. The elements of claim 1,said fuselage comprising a top member, a bottom member and side members pivotally resiliently con nected to said topand bottom members,

whereby to permita limited distortion of said fuselage during the oscillation of said plane with relation thereto.

6. In an aeroplane a plane, a fuselage connected thereto, multiple masts extendingv from the opposite sides of said fuselage up- Wardly over said plane, and means for sup-- porting the nearest sides and ends of said plane from said masts when said fuselage is on the ground, combined with an auxiliary plane secured to the upper ends of said masts.

7. In an aeroplane a plane, a fuselage connected thereto and an overhead means ex tending from each side of said fuselage over said plane, for supporting the corresponding nearest side and end of said plane therefrom, when said fuselage is on the ground, combined with an auxiliary plane secured to the upper ends of said overhead means.

8. In an aeroplane a plane, a fuselage'connected thereto, multiple masts extending from the opposite sidesof said fuselage upwardly over said plane, anda means for supporting the nearest sides and ends of said plan-e from said masts when said fuselage is on the ground, combined With a substantially rectangular tubular frame, secured to the upper ends of said masts, and a lower Wing surface member secured to said frame at the underside thereof, thereby forming an auxiliary plane.

Executed Sept. 4, 1930. a

JOSEPH I. FRIEDMAN. 

